The FDA has approved new Covid-19 vaccines that will soon be available at pharmacies, doctor’s offices, and health centers. The CDC is expected to recommend these updated vaccines for everyone six months and older. Here’s a simple guide on what to expect.

The FDA has approved updated vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna, which target the KP.2 strain of the coronavirus that began spreading widely this past spring. These vaccines are designed to protect against this strain and others similar to it.

“When the match is good, as we expect with these current strains, you can get protection from infection for several months,” said Dr. Paul Sax from Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.

These new vaccines are expected to offer better protection against the current strains than the ones released last fall. Additionally, Novavax is awaiting FDA approval for its updated vaccine, which targets a similar variant called JN.1.

What If I Recently Got Vaccinated?

If you’ve recently received an older Covid vaccine, you may need to wait before getting the new one. It’s important to space out the doses, especially if you’re at higher risk. Check with your healthcare provider to determine the best time for your next vaccine.

What If I Recently Had Covid?

If you had Covid over the summer, it’s advisable to wait a few months before getting the new shot. Your body has some protection from the recent infection, so getting the vaccine immediately won’t offer much additional benefit. The CDC recommends waiting at least three months after a Covid infection before being vaccinated.

How Quickly Does Protection Start?

Protection begins to build within one to two weeks after vaccination. Peak protection occurs about a month after the shot, providing a lower risk of infection for several weeks. The vaccine should also offer longer-lasting protection against severe illness, hospitalization, and death.

When Should I Get Vaccinated?

If you are at higher risk—such as being 65 or older, having a weakened immune system, or having other health conditions—it’s best to get the new vaccine as soon as it becomes available. If you’re not at high risk, you may want to wait until October. This timing can help protect you during the winter and holiday season, and you can also get your flu shot at the same time.

Is It Free?

Most private insurance plans, as well as Medicare and Medicaid, will cover the cost of the Covid shots. Children can receive free vaccines through a federal program. However, the CDC’s program that provided free vaccines for uninsured and underinsured individuals won’t be renewed this year. The CDC has allocated $62 million in unused vaccine funds to help cover the cost for those who need it.